Horizontal-mortising machine.



No. s5|,e94'. Patented June 12, moo.

c. w. H. BLOOD.

HORIZONTAL MORTISING MACHINE.

(Application filed Nov. 10, 1899.)

(No Model.)

.D 5 H M Y .U Tl N TI END. A V

HE E H RmS PETERS co.. Puo'roLn'i-am WASHINGTON n c Patente'd lune l2, I900.

c. w. H. 5mm}, HORIZONTAL MORTISING MACHINE.

(Application filed Nov. 10, 1899.)-

6 Sheets-8heet 2.

(No Model.)

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fifiHIHHIH 1 I l I I 1 1- Wm $5M 6W Patentedj une l2, I900. c. w. H. BLOOD. HORIZONTAL MURTISING MACHINE.

(Application filed Nov. 10, 1899.)

6 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

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No. 65I,694. Paten tedl une l2, I900.

c. w. H. moon.

HORIZONTAL MOBTISING MACHINE.

6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

("a Model p lication filed Nov. lg, 1899.)

\NIWEE'EEE- ow m4, M

TO'LITHO wAsHmaTcu a c N0. 65l,694. v Patented lune I2, 1900.

0. w. H. BLOOD. 0

HORIZONTAL MORTISING MACHINE.

(Application filed Nov. 10, 1899.) mi Model.) I m s Sheets-Sheet s.

\NITNEESEZ- zg/fwf M.

times STATES PATENT omen.

CHARLES WV. 11. BLOOD, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE S. A. WOODS MACHINE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

HORIZONTALEMORTISING MACHINE.

l srncrrrcncrron forming part of Letters Patent No. 651,694, dated June 12, 1900.

Application filed November 10, 1899. Serial No. 736,455. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES W. H. BLOOD, of Boston, county of Suffolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Horizontal-Mortising Machines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings represen ting like parts.

My invention isa in ortising-machine of that class used for doing heavy work in making horizontal mortises with a hollow chisel,as, In this class of Work the main carwork. chines are required to endure very severe strains, and accordingly my present invention has for one of its leading objects the provision of a framework and arrangement of parts which will give the machine great strength and power, together with facility and convenience of operation. They are also required to handle very hard and awkward timbers, these timbers sometimes being short and at other times long; and therefore a further object of my invention relates to the provision of special mechanism whereby these timbers may be handled with ease and accuracy of movement.

Further characteristic features of my invention Will be pointed out in the course'of the following detailed description of the machine and its operation, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,'illustrative of a preferred embodiment of the invention, and the latter will be more particularly defined in the appended claims. i

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my new mortising-machine, parts'being broken away for convenience of illustration. Fig. 2 is a sectional detail on the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken on the line 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectiontaken on the line 4 at, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line 5 5, Fig. 1. Fig. (5 is a cross-section taken on the line/6 6, Fig. 1. Fig. 7 is a broken detail, mainly in side elevation, showing my improved spacing-stop. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the detail. Fig. 9 is a top plan view of a portion of the table and parts of the feeding mechanism. Fig. 10 is a side elevation of a portion of the feeding mechanism, parts being broken away.

The base A has at one end thereof a stand orcolumn A and at its other end a timbersupport A, the tool-feeding mechanism being largely carried within and by the base A and the work-feeding mechanism being largely supported on the part A The chisel-supporting column A is of special construction and location andconstitutes a very important feature of my invention, its importance residing in the fact that as the chisel is frequently called upon to enter rapidly a very heavy and hard timber the thrust from this chisel is so enormous as to prove a very serious and often disastrous difficulty, and although various expedients have been resorted to for overcoming. or compensating for this great strain they have all, so far as I am aware, been subject to serious objections. With a view to obviating these objections I have provided slides or Ways a, constituting a bearing-face or thrust-receiving surface extending in a plane parallel to the wopk and i have mounted a sliding head a in front of these ways, said head being herein shown as provided at its edges with gibs a embracing said ways and counterbalanced by means of a weight w, suspended by a chain a running over pulleys a (t the head being centrally apertured to. carry the chisel-operating mechanism to be described. The column A extends above and below the travel of the chisel-carrying head and is provided at its rear side with two deep and heavy ribs a,

as comprising a long pulley b, journaled ina box I), sliding in a casing 12 mounted in the head, said box having fixed on one side there- IOO of a rack b driven by a pinion b fast 011 a vertical shaft bflmounted in heavy journalboxes 5 carried on .the face of the head a. The latter construction is also of considerable importance in my invention, the shaft b being mounted directly in front of one of the. heavy ribs a, so that as said shaft and its pinion 6 drive forward the auger mounted at the end of 'the spindle of the pulley b and the chisel 0, carried at the front ram, all the resistance is borne by the bearings b and transmitted'in a straight line directly to the adjacent bearing vertical column. The long pulley b is driven by a belt b from a suitable counter-shaft, (not shown,)said belt passing down under the long pulley b and thence over a direction-pulley b journaled on the head, and thence down under a binder-pulley b journaled in a hanger b pivoted at 19 in the base of the machine and preferably provided at one end thereof with an adjustable weight 10 this weighted binder serving to maintain the belt in proper driving engagement with the chisel-pulley.

:At its upper left-hand corner, Fig. 3, the

head a receives a rod (i provided with a stop a to regulate the vertical position of the head-,and the latter carries a clamping device forclamping it in position against a way a, said clamp being shown in detail in Fig. 4, I where it will be seen that thehead is pro- .Videdwith a bolt a passing through the; metal plate of the head and through the gib a secured behind the same, where the threaded end of the bolt receives a nut-c1 operated by I a handle a to tighten and loosen the gib against the adjacent way a, a spring .9 being interposed in a recess formed therefor in the .g-ib to bear against the nut a and tend to pre- 1 vent it shifting its position.

Power is derived from pulleysd on a shaft i d,;extending at one side longitudinally of the bedof the machine, shaft is a second shaft d on which are loosely mounted two gears d d, one of which 'is driven by a pinion d on the shaft d and the{ other by a piniond, driven from a shaft (1 to rotate in an opposite direction to the pinion d", the result being that the two gears d d f are driven in opposite directions. Between said gears I provide any usual or preferredf .kind' of clutch mechanism (1 which columnnicatesthe motion of one or the other of said gears to the shaft d as required, said shaft 01 carrying at it'sleft-hand end a bevel-geard in mesh with a gear I), journaled in a hanger b bolted inside the base'A, as shown clearly Fig. 3. The hub of the gear b has a} square opening to receive the squared end b1 f of the shaft b thereby serving to rotate the, latter, while permitting it to rise and fall with thehead a. The shaft 19 rises and'falls with .the. head, which is raised and lowered by the; engagement with a rack-bar b carried by a1 pinionsb", journaled on the bed of the ma-j chine and operated by a bevel-gear and shaft journaled transversely thereto also on the Parallel to said either side of a rigid arm 6 on the lower end i of a lever e loosely mounted for convenience on the hub e of a gear e driven by a pinion e on a shaft a", carrying atits opposite end a bevel-pinion e in mesh with a gear 11?, be-

fore mentioned. The spring-fingers e are engaged alternately by lugs e e adjustable in an annular slot e of a disk e fast on the hub a", so that the reciprocalmovement of the chisel and anger are governed automatically by the position to which the lugs e e are adjusted, said lugs engaging the fingers 6 and thereby rocking the rock-shaf t e, so as to bring the clutch mechanism d into driving engagement with either thegear d or the gear 01 as the case may be, thereby correspondingly rotating the shaft b and moving the chisel-ra m either forward or backward by the engagement of the pinion b with the-rack 12 This shifting mechanism is very compact, simple, and certain, the spring-fingers e and arm 6 servingespecially to insure the last-mentioned advantage, for it will be readily understood that the result would be extremely disastrous in such a heavy machine as thisif the relatively-high tipping device, such as either of the springs e should break and there was nothing to give notice of the fact. The middle part or arm a, normally idle, is rigid and very strong, so that although the light spring portions 63 are there to receive the blows of the tripping mechanism, yet if either of them should break the middle arm e 'is there present as a safety-trip to insure that the ram shall be reversed and to prevent its running forward or backward, as the case may be, disastrously.

ICC

At any moment desired it will be understood thatthe machine may be reversed or stopped by the operator by properly shifting the hand-lever e Y The ti tuber-support comprises a usual base plate m, on which is mounted a table m, carrying a usual fence m at its rear side and being preferably shiftabl'e by the engagement of a switch-handle with a shaft m which is not new in this class of machines and need not therefore be described, as is the case also with the clamp m carried by a screw m and raised and lowered by the hand-wheels m. The table m is in general of usual construction, being provided with rollers m at its opposite ends and operated by a usual handwheel m which shifts the table longitudinally, as desired, in conformity, it may be, with stops m adjustable on a bar m mounted in brackets m on thetable. These parts, so farasindicated,.are not new; but. in practice they are found to be efficient for the requirements of this heavy class of machines for handling the heavy timbers with the great ease and rapidity required. Accordingly I have provided in connection therewith a feeding mechanism, (shown in Figs. 9 and 10,) where it will be seen that I provide adjacent the opposite ends of travel of the timber stands 19, carrying usual guide-rollers 19, supporting rollers p and it will be understood that other supporting-rollers may be provided, as indicated at p at the extreme leftof Fig.10. Suitably mounted in the stands are similar cross-heads p, in which are journaled pairs of rollers 13*, herein shown as each provided with a gear 19 at one end in mesh with each other and one in mesh with a pinion p fast on a shaft 19 on which the crossheads 13 are loosely mounted for convenience of operation, said shaft being driven by a pulley 12 the respective pulleys p of the two stands being bolted together from convenient counter-shafting in any usual mannersuch, for instance, as indicated in Fig. 10. This mechanism constitutes a feeding mechanism for feeding the timber along when required, as will presently be described, and the two sets of apparatus are conneetedby any suitable means, as a rod p forming arms 19 depending from and rigid with the respective cross-heads, one of the latter being provided with an operating-lever 19 This apparatus is of extensive importance and value in a machine of this character for the reason that when it is desired to shift the timber on the table m all that is necessary is for the operator to depress the hand-lever 19 thereby raising the timber off from the table and sup-,

porting it on the correspondingly-rotating rolls p of each feeding device, so that the heavy timber is immediately fed along as desired, and the moment it has reached the point required the operator instantly lowers it by raising the handle 19 thereby leaving the timber supported on the table and out of feeding engagement with the feeding mechanism, or it the timber is to be shifted in an opposite direction the operator raises the lever 19 thereby bringing into action the roll of each feeding device which rotates in a direction opposite to that before specified, and the timber being supported on these rotating rolls is accordingly fed thereby in an opposite direction to the extent required and is again dropped upon the table by shifting the handle into its intermediate or horizontal position. In Fig. 10 the left-hand rolls p are shown raised, and it will be understood that by raising the lever 19 these rolls will be low-' ered and the right-hand rolls will be raised, said respective rolls being positively driven in the direction indicated by the arrows in said figure. Another important feature to be noted in this connection is that by means of the rod 11 in the form and location shown a passageway is always maintained at the end of the table, thereby leaving a free open fioorspace, so that the workmen can have ready access to the machine, as required, for example, for shifting the timber by hand or other purpose.

The table, it will be understood, has an independent movement aside from the general feeding movement just explained, this inde pendent movement being accomplished by hand in order to space the 'mortises as to location and position, and in order to accomplish this quickly and readily I have provided, in connection with the stops m before mentioned, a cooperating spacing-stop. (Shown in detail in Fig. 7, said figure showingin full lines the stop depressed and in dotted lines the stop in raised or operative position.) The stop 1' is in the form of a plunger, mounted in a holder 0', and normally extended by means of a spring 1' at the bottom of the holder, said stop having a handle r extending angularly therefrom at r to engage a notch r in the holder and lock the stop 0* down in inoperative position, so that the stops 1m will pass over the same without being stopped thereby. By simply turning the handle r to the right the stop will fly up into its dotted-line position in the path of the stops on. This device enables the operator to skip one or more of the stops m" as he may wish and to do itindependently.

In Fig. 8 I have shown details of my improved dog for finding the proper position on the timber, this dog 25 being carried by a holder t and having at its lower end a beveled detent to drop intothe usual notch out in the timber or in a mark fastened thereon, said detent being beveled on one side, so as to slide up automatically out of the notch when the timber is moved in the proper direction. The holder t has opposite deep notches t and shallow notches t, cooperating with a transverse pin 23 of the dog, so that when the dog is turned as shown in Fig. 6 it is in position to engage the timber, and when it is turned at right angles thereto it is held in inoperative position.

The operation of my machine is as follows: The timber having been shoved along on the preliminary roller p is fed forward by the forward feeding-roll 19 the handle 19 having been raised from the position Fig. 10 for this purpose, and when the timber has been brought into approximately-correct position the handle 9 is instantly depressed by the operator into a horizontal position, thereby lowering the feeding-rolls out of feeding position and leaving the timber supported on the table m. In this position the operator turns the dog i into its operative position, as shown in Fig. 6, and then moves the timber along until the dog drops in its proper notch,

whereupon the timber is clamped by means of the damping device on", and the stops m are then adjusted properly, according to the specification. The operator then shiftsthe handle 6 to the right, thereby starting the chisel-ram forward through theaction of the pinion b on the rack b and the chisel and auger are driven into the timber, as indicated 5 in dotted lines, Fig. 1, the thrust of theshaft d being taken by the standard a and riba in direct alinementwith said shaft and the fording the greatest strength and resistance a power to the best advantage. When the chiselhas reached the required depth, it is automatically reversed by the engagement of the clutch d into engagement with the gear d thereby reversing the shaft 12 and withdrawing the ram. The operator then moves the 5 tablem in the usual manner until the required length of mortise has been m ade,rthis being determined by the engagement of a stop m with the spacing-stop 'r, or, if a mortise of 1 greater length is required, the operator may simply skip the next stop m by depressing the'stop r and turning its handle to the left, as shown in Fig. 7, until the particular stop m is fast, whereupon the handle m is moved to the right, so that the stop can springup to be higher or lower, the head a, carrying the chisel-ram, is raised or lowered by the hand-wheel b and clamped in position by a handle a, theweighted binder b meanwhile driving engagement with the long pulley b.

tion in its preferred details of construction, I wish it understood that I am not limited in all respects thereto, as various changes may be resorted to within the spirit and scope of my invention.

If the next row of mortises is While I have herein described my inven 2. A horizontal-mortising machine having a timber-support, a chisel-supporting column opposite said timber-support, said column having its bearing-face, parallel thereto and provided with deep ribs at each side thereof 1 and extending backin vertical planes at right angles tosaid bearing-face and said timbersupport, and a chisel-ram mounted in and having athrust-beari'ng'on the face of said column to reciprocate at right angles to said I 1 face and to said timber-support, and means lug 6 with theleft-hand finger e, which cushions the stop and at the same times'hifts the for operating said chisel-ram, substantially as described.

, 3, 1A horizontal-mortising machine having 4 a timber-support, a chisel-supporting column opposite said timber-support, said column extending above and below said timber-su pport and having its bearing-face parallel thereto and provided with deep ribs at each side thereof and extending back in vertical planes at right angles to said bearing-face and said timber-support, and a chisel-ram mounted in said column to reciprocate at right angles'to said face and to said timber-support, and means for operating said chisel-ram, substantially as described.

4. In a horizontal-mortising machine having a timber-s11 pport, and a chiselsupporting column opposite thereto, said column having opposite ways extending in a plane parallel I to said timber-support, a head extending across said column andsliding in said ways, maintaining the driving-belt b in constant a chisel-ram supported in said head between i said ways and reciprocating at right angles I to said head and to said timber-support, and means for operating said ram, substantially j as vdescribed.

'5. In a horizontal mortising machine, a

chisel-supporting column having its face at 5 right angles to the line of chisel thrust, said Having described my invention, what I} claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

column being provided with deep ribs ateach side thereof, a chisel-ram mounted to reciprocate in said column transversely to said 1. In a horizontal-'inortising machine for mortising heavy and vdifiicult timbers, a bedi having a timber-support rigidly bracedon said bed and opposite thereto, a chisel-sup; porting column also mounted on and rigidly; braced on said bed, said timber support and column having their adjacent faces extend-g ing laterally in parallel planes opposite each 2' other to transmit directly to the bed of the machine the thrusts due to the working tool, a chisel mounted medially of and in said sup- 1v porting-column and -reciprocable longitudi-; nally therein and perpendicularly to said; opposed faces, and means for mounting said; chisel on said supporting-column said mount- 3 ing means extending across said column and resting at either side of the chisel on the lat-i crally-extendedface of said column fortransmitting the thrust of the'chisel in a direct; line to and distributing the same over said? column, whereby all twisting tendency is, avoided and the chiseling thrust is receivedj by the entire machine, substantially as d.e-; scribed.

face, a rack-bar for driving saidchisel-ram, a pinion and its shaft adjacent said rack-bar, said shaft being journaled in alinement with one of the ribs of said column, substantially as described.

6. In a horizontal-mortising machine, a chisel-supporting column, ahead movable thereon, a chisel-ram carried thereby, a rod on the column, and an engaging portion on the head, said head being provided with a bolt rigidly held therein, said bolt projecting at its threaded end, a clamping-nut bearing on a flange on said column, means for operating it mounted on said threaded end, and a coiled spring held between said nut and said head, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a horizontal-mortising machine for mortising heavy, large timbers .where great thrust and momentum of moving parts occur, a chisel-carrying ram mechanism for reciprocating the same forward toward the work and backward away from the work, mechanism i for reversing said reciprocal movement at the end of the respective strokes, and a safety appliance for preventing the aforesaid thrusts said rolls above the plane of the work-table,

whereby the timber may be raised at times from the work-table and fed in one or the other direction independently thereof, substantially as described.

. 9. The combination with a worktable adapted tosupport a timber to-be operated upon, of opposite pairs of feeding-rolls, the respective rolls of said pairs being positively driven in opposite directions, and connections between said pairs of rolls, whereby the rolls rotating in the same direction may be simultaneously raised or lowered at will, substantially as described.

10. The combination with a work-table adapted to support a timber to be operated upon, of opposite pairs of feeding-rolls, the respective rolls of said pairs being positively driven in opposite directions, and connections between said pairs of rolls, whereby the rolls rotating in the same direction may be simultaneously raised or lowered at will, said means including a connection located adjacent the floor for afiording a clear passageway about said work-table, substantially .as described.

11. The combination with a work-table, of opposite cross-heads, a pair of rolls journaled in each of said crossheads, said rolls normally occupying a plane below the plane of said work-table, means for positively rotating the rolls of said pairs in opposite directions, and means for simultaneously rocking said cross-heads to raise one or the other of the rolls of said pairs simultaneously into a path above the plane of said table, substantially as described.

12. The combination with a table having adjustable stops, of a plunger-stop, a spring normally holding the same in the path of said adjustable stops, a holder for said plungerstop, said holder having an oifset notch, and said stop having an ofiset arm to be shifted into said notch for holding the stop in inop erative position, substantially as described.

13. In a machine of the class described, a dog for finding the position on the timber, said dog being pointed to constitute a detent at its lower end, a holder for said dog, said holder having deep and shallow notches in its upper end, and said dog having transverse pins to cooperate with said notches in holding it in operative and inoperative position, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. IV. I-I. BLOOD.

, Witnesses:

Gno. H. MAXWELL, FREDERICK L. EMERY. 

